![]() SEEDING MACHINE
专利摘要:
seeder machine a seeder machine includes a main frame, and a row unit coupled to the main frame. the row unit has a row unit frame, a gauge wheel coupled to the row unit frame, and a groove opener coupled to the row unit frame, the groove opener having a stationary or rotating surface that contacts and moves the ground. the row unit also includes a groove closure, the groove closure having a stationary or rotating surface that contacts and presses on the ground. the seeder machine also includes a down force adjustment system to adjust an amount of down force applied to the row unit, the down force adjustment system including a moisture sensor, a controller configured to receive a signal from the moisture sensor, and an actuator configured to vary the amount of down force applied to the row unit based on the signal received by the controller. 公开号:BR102016022623B1 申请号:R102016022623-6 申请日:2016-09-29 公开日:2021-08-10 发明作者:Donald K. Landphair;Michael E. Frasier;James Z. Liu;Jason D. Walter;Lawrence D. Green 申请人:Deere & Company; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Fundamentals [0001] The present invention relates to system and methods for planting seeds, in particular with a row crop planter. [0002] Several factors affect crop yields. These factors include, for example, seed depth, seed spacing, soil compaction, soil unit, tillage condition, soil nutrients and soil type. A productive crop yield is typically one that grows and emerges evenly from the ground. summary [0003] In one aspect, the invention provides a seeder machine that includes a main frame and a row unit coupled to the main frame. The row unit has a row unit frame, a gauge wheel coupled to the row unit frame, and a groove opener coupled to the row unit frame, the groove opener having a stationary or rotating surface that contacts and moves the ground. The row unit also includes a groove closure coupled to the row unit frame, the groove closure having a stationary or rotating surface that contacts and presses on the ground. The seeder machine also includes a down force adjustment system to adjust an amount of down force applied to the row unit, the down force adjustment system including a moisture sensor configured to detect a soil moisture level, a controller configured to receive a moisture sensor signal corresponding to the detected moisture level and an actuator configured to vary the amount of down force applied to the row unit based on the signal received by the controller. [0004] In another aspect, the invention provides a seeder machine that includes a controller having a processor configured to detect a moisture level with a moisture sensor coupled to a row unit on the seeder machine, determine whether the moisture level is above a predetermined threshold and, in response to determining that the moisture level is above a predetermined threshold, decreasing a downward force on the row unit. [0005] In another aspect, the invention provides a seeder machine that includes a main frame and a row unit coupled to the main frame. The row unit has a row unit frame. The seeder machine also includes a down force adjustment system coupled to the row unit to adjust an amount of down force applied to the row unit. The down force adjustment system includes a moisture sensor coupled to the row unit and configured to detect a moisture level of one or more soil layers, the moisture sensor selected from a group consisting of a capacitive sensor, an infrared sensor and a radar sensor. The down force adjustment system also includes a controller configured to receive a moisture sensor signal corresponding to the detected moisture level and an actuator configured to vary the amount of down force applied to the row unit based on the signal received by the controller. The actuator includes an air bag and an air source coupled to the air bag, the air source configured to supply air to the air bag. The down force adjustment system also includes a hinge coupled to each of the air pocket, the row unit frame and the main frame, where the linkage is pivotally coupled to the main frame. [0006] Other aspects of the invention will become evident upon consideration of the detailed description and accompanying drawings. Brief Description of Drawings [0007] FIG. 1 is a partially schematic perspective view of a seeder machine. [0008] FIG. 2 is a partially schematic side view of a row unit for the seeder machine of FIG. 1. Detailed Description [0009] Before embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the construction details and arrangement of components given in the following description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The invention is capable of supporting other modalities and of being put into practice or being carried out in various ways. [00010] FIG. 1 illustrates a seeder machine 10 (e.g., a row crop planter). The seeder machine 10 includes a main frame 14 and is pulled behind a tractor (not shown) having an operator cabin 12 (shown schematically). A plurality of individual row units 18 are coupled (eg, mounted) onto a rear portion of main frame 14 in such a way that row units 18 are pulled over a layer of soil 20. Seed sources such as traps storage 22a-22c, are coupled to main frame 14, and hold seed which is delivered, eg, pneumatically or in any other suitable manner, to a mini hopper (not shown) over each row unit 18. Storage tanks 22a -22c are coupled to the mini hoppers by means of conduits 26, such as hoses, and a pressurized delivery apparatus (not shown). Each storage tank 22a-22c contains the same or different varieties of seed to be planted in the ground 20. Each row unit 18 is connected to a conduit 26 in such a way that each row unit 18 is coupled to a storage tank 22a -22c to receive seed. As illustrated in FIG. 1, each row unit 18 further includes its own frame 30, in which various components (e.g., a groove opener, a groove closer, etc.) are mounted. [00011] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a row unit 118 that can be used in place of one of the row units 18 in FIG. 1. Similar to row unit 18, row 118 is also coupled to main frame 14. In some constructions, a plurality of row unit 118 is coupled to main frame 14, similar to row units 18 in FIG. 1. [00012] As illustrated in FIG. 2, each row unit 118 includes its own hoppers 122a, 122b which hold chemical and seed respectively rather than receiving seed from bulk storage as in the construction illustrated in FIG. 1. Hoppers 122a, 122b are coupled to a row unit frame 130. Each row unit 118 also includes a gauge wheel (or wheels) 132 coupled to the row unit frame 130 that contacts and rolls along the ground 20 and a groove opener 134 (eg, an opening wheel or blade or other structure on a stationary or rotating surface that contacts and spreads the ground to form a groove) coupled to the row unit frame 130 to forming a furrow 136 (see FIG. 1) In the ground 20, a seed metering device 138 coupled to the row unit frame 130 receives seeds from the hopper 122b and doses and dispenses the seeds into the furrow 136. A furrow sealer 141 (eg , a closure and compaction wheel or wheels or other structure having a stationary or rotating surface which contacts and presses on the ground) coupled to the row unit frame 130 pushes the ground around the seeds to close the furrow 136. In the illustrated construction, each unit The row 118 also includes a seed clamping device 141 coupled to the row unit frame 130 ahead of the lock 141 which clamps each seed and pushes it into the open groove 136. [00013] With continued reference to FIG. 2, row unit 118 further includes a down force adjustment system 142. Down force adjustment system 142 adjusts an amount of down force that is applied to row unit 118 (eg, to the gauge wheel or wheels 132) to control a seed planting depth. Downward force refers to an amount of force applied downward (see arrow 144 in FIG. 2) in a direction perpendicular to the ground 20 and to a direction of movement 145 of the seeder 10. [00014] Down force adjustment system 142 includes an actuator 146 which when activated, varies the down force on row unit 118. In the illustrated construction, a link 150 couples row unit 118 to main frame 14. An actuator of down force 146 is coupled to main frame 14 and linkage 150. When activated, actuator 146 drives linkage 150 downward, causing an increase in down force on row unit frame 130 and on global row unit 118 When the down force is increased, the down force presses the 132 gauge wheel into the soil 20. Thus, when the down force is increased, the resulting planted seeds are typically planted deeper. Conversely, when the downward force is decreased, the resulting planted seeds are typically planted at a shallower depth. In some constructions the actuator 146 can be double acting and can establish an upward force to lift the row unit if the weight of the row unit is more necessary for the conditions. [00015] In the construction illustrated, the actuator 146 is a pneumatic actuator that includes an air bag 154 and an air source 158 (e.g., a compressor, a motor, etc.). The air source 158 may be located over the row unit 118 itself, over the main frame 14, or over the towing tractor. When actuator 146 is activated, force applied to linkage 150 causes linkage to rotate downward relative to main frame 14 (counterclockwise in FIG. 2), causing 132 gauge wheel to press down more firmly into ground 20 below. [00016] In some constructions, actuator 146 is a hydraulic actuator (eg including a hydraulic cylinder and rod coupled to main frame 14 and link 150 to vary the downward force on row unit 118), a pneumatic actuator (eg , including an extendable rod coupled to the main frame 14 and pivot 150 to move the row unit frame 130 downward and vary the downward force on the row unit 118), a motorized actuator, or any other type of actuator than when activated, varies a downward force on the unit of row 118. [00017] With continued reference to FIG. 2, the down force adjustment system 142 further includes a controller 162 and at least one humidity sensor 166. Controller 162 includes a processor and is coupled to and communicates with both actuator 146 (eg, pressure source 158 of the actuator 146) and humidity sensor 166. In some constructions, controller 162 is mounted on one of row units 118 itself, on main frame 14, or on operator's cab 12. In some constructions, controller 162 is remotely arranged from row unit 118, main frame 14, and operator cab 12. In the illustrated construction, controller 162 communicates wirelessly with both actuator 146 and moisture sensor 166. In other constructions , one or more wired connections are used. [00018] Moisture sensor 166 detects moisture levels in soil 20 under seeder 10 as seeder 10 moves over soil 20. In some constructions, moisture sensor 166 detects a moisture level in a specified depth 170 below a top surface 174 of the soil 20 (eg, at a predetermined or nominal planting depth). In the illustrated construction, moisture sensor 166 is mounted on seed firming device 141. In other constructions, moisture sensor 166 is coupled to another area of seeder 10, such as main frame 14, towing tractor, or another area over row unit 118. In some constructions, moisture sensor 166 is positioned to detect approaching soil moisture ahead of furrow opener 134 (ie, to the right of furrow opener 134 in FIGS. 2, along the direction of movement 145). In some constructions, the seeder machine 10 includes a plurality of row units 118, each having its own humidity sensor or sensors 166. The humidity sensors 166 can be any of a variety of sensor types, including capacitive contact sensors. with ground 20, infrared sensors, or radar sensors. [00019] With continued reference to FIG. 2, in the illustrated construction the moisture sensor 166 sends a signal (eg, a continuous signal or signals) corresponding to the soil moisture level 20 to the controller 162. The controller 162 is programmed to receive the signal or signals from the moisture sensor 166 and to determine whether or not to actuate actuator 146 and vary the down force (ie, increase down force or decrease down force) on row unit 118. [00020] It is desirable for seeds to be planted at depths and in moist conditions that result in optimal growth and emergence. In the illustrated construction, if moisture sensor 166 detects high moisture levels in the soil 20 (eg, moisture levels above a predetermined threshold), controller 162 sends a signal to actuator 146 to decrease the downward force on the row unit 118 and allowing the hinge 150 and global row unit 118 to lift. Conversely, if moisture sensor 166 detects low moisture levels in the soil 20 (eg, moisture levels below a predetermined threshold), controller 162 sends a signal to actuator 146 to increase the downward force on row unit 118 and causing the link 150 and the global row unit 118 to lower. In some buildings, the amount of downward force variation is proportional to the amount of moisture detected. For example, in some buildings the higher the moisture content detected in the soil 20, the lower the downward force applied by the down force adjustment system 142. Conversely, the lower the detected soil moisture content 20, the higher the force force applied by the down force adjustment system 142. [00021] Other constructions include different correlations between the downward force and the measured moisture level. However, at least with respect to maize, it was found that under wet soil conditions maize generally emerges faster with a lower down force and under drier soil conditions maize generally emerges faster with a higher down force. In some buildings, a farmer may have three or more different types of fields, each having its own separate soil moisture level or a single field with varying soil moisture levels. Thus, the system and controls described above advantageously give a farmer options to bring about faster emergence and growth in each soil type than would otherwise be expected. [00022] With continued reference to FIG. 2, in some constructions moisture sensor 166, controller 162, and actuator 146 form a closed loop such that moisture sensor 166 continuously monitors soil moisture levels 20 and sends signals to controller 162, and the actuator 146 continuously adjusts a downward force on row unit 118 based on signals from controller 162. This ensures that planting depths for each seed planted by row unit 118 are continuously adjusted as necessary to ensure the desired plant emergence . [00023] For example, in some constructions the moisture sensor 166 detects a moisture level in the soil 20. If the controller 162 determines that the moisture level is above a predetermined threshold the downward force is decreased. After decreasing the Down Force, if the Moisture Sensor 166 then detects that the Moisture Level has dropped below the predetermined threshold, the Down Force is then increased. [00024] Conversely, in some constructions if controller 162 determines that the moisture level is below a predetermined threshold the downward force is increased. After increasing the down force, if the humidity sensor 166 then detects that the humidity level has risen above the predetermined threshold, the down force is then decreased. [00025] Other constructions include an open loop system, in which the controller 162 provides a signal or signals to a user (eg, via a user interface on the operator's cab 12) from the humidity sensor 166 and the user must determine whether or not to manually activate actuator 146 to vary the down force on row unit 118. [00026] In some constructions, the seeder 10 includes a plurality of row units 118. Each of the row units 118 includes its own associated actuator 146. Actuators 146 are coupled to a single controller 162 such that it single controller 162 controls each of the associated actuators 146 individually. [00027] In some constructions, humidity sensor 166 is one of a plurality of humidity sensors 166 of which each is coupled to a single controller 162. Each humidity sensor 166 is associated with a different row unit 118. [00028] In some constructions, each of the row units 118 includes its own associated controller 162, its own associated humidity sensor 166, and its own actuator 146, such that each controller 162 only communicates with the humidity sensor. humidity 166 and the actuator 146 associated with a particular row 118 unit. [00029] In some constructions, only a single moisture sensor 166 is used for the entire seeder 10, and the down force for all units of row 118 is identical for each unit of row 118, based on the moisture level detected by the only humidity sensor. In some constructions, a moisture sensor 166 is used for a section over machine 10 and the down force for all 118 row units over each section is identical based on the moisture level detected by the single moisture sensor for that section. [00030] Several features and advantages of the invention are given in the following claims.
权利要求:
Claims (17) [0001] 1. Seeding machine (10) comprising: a main frame (14); a row unit (18) coupled to the main frame (14), the row unit (18) having a row unit frame (30), a gauge wheel (132) coupled to the row unit frame (30) and a groove opener (134) coupled to the row unit frame (30); the seeder machine (10) characterized in that it comprises: a down force adjustment system (142) for adjusting an amount of down force applied to the row unit (18), the down force adjustment system (142) including a moisture sensor (166) configured to detect a soil moisture level (20), a controller (162) configured to receive a moisture sensor signal (166) corresponding to the detected moisture level, and an actuator (146) configured to vary the amount of down force applied to the row unit (18) based on the signal received by the controller (162), wherein the row unit (18) is one of a plurality of row units (18) coupled to the frame. main (14), and wherein each of the row units (18) includes its own associated controller (162), its own associated humidity sensor (166) and its own associated actuator (146) such that each controller (162) only communicates with the moisture sensor (166) and the associated actuator (146) of a single row unit (18). [0002] 2. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture sensor (166) is coupled to the row unit (18). [0003] 3. Seeding machine (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a seed firming device (141) coupled to the row unit frame (30), wherein the moisture sensor (166) is coupled to the seed firming device (141). [0004] 4. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a direction of displacement (145), and in which the moisture sensor (166) is positioned to detect the approaching soil moisture level (20) in front of the groove opener (134) along the direction of travel (145). [0005] 5. Seeding machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture sensor (166) is selected from a group consisting of a capacitive sensor, an infrared sensor and a radar sensor. [0006] 6. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture sensor (166) detects a moisture level at a predetermined depth within the soil (20). [0007] 7. Seeding machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (146) is a pneumatic or hydraulic actuator. [0008] 8. Seeding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the articulation is pivotally coupled to the main frame (14). [0009] 9. Seeding machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (162) is mounted on the row unit (18). [0010] 10. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (162) is configured to increase the downward force on the row unit (18) if the detected moisture level is below a threshold predetermined. [0011] 11. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (162) is configured to decrease the downward force on the row unit (18) if the detected moisture level is above a threshold predetermined. [0012] 12. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture sensor (166), the controller (162) and the actuator (146) form a closed loop control, in such a way that the moisture sensor (166) continuously monitors soil moisture levels (20) and sends signals to the controller (162), and the actuator (146) continuously adjusts a downward force on the row unit (18) based on signals received from the controller (162). [0013] 13. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the row unit (18) is one of a plurality of row units (18) coupled to the main frame (14), wherein each unit The row (18) includes an associated actuator (146) and wherein the actuators (146) are coupled to a single controller (162) such that the single controller controls each of the associated actuators (146) individually. [0014] 14. Seeding machine (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that the moisture sensor (166) is one of a plurality of moisture sensors (166) of which each is coupled to a single controller (162) and wherein each humidity sensor (166) is associated with a different row unit (18). [0015] 15. Seeder machine (10) comprising a main frame (14); a row unit (18) coupled to the main frame (14), the row unit (18) having a row unit frame (30), a wheel of gauge (132) coupled to the row unit frame (30) and a groove opener (134) coupled to the row unit frame (30); the seeder machine (10) characterized in that it comprises: a down force adjustment system (142) for adjusting an amount of down force applied to the row unit (18), the down force adjustment system (142) including a moisture sensor (166) configured to detect a soil moisture level (20), a controller (162) configured to receive a moisture sensor signal (166) corresponding to the detected moisture level, and an actuator (146) configured to vary the amount of down force applied to the row unit (18) based on the signal received by the controller (162), wherein the row unit (18) is one of a plurality of row units (18) coupled to the frame. main (14), where the humidity sensor (166) is a single humidity sensor (166) and where the downward force applied to each row unit (18) is identical based on the humidity level detected by the single sensor of moisture (166). [0016] 16. Seeding machine (10) comprising: a main frame (14); a row unit (18) coupled to the main frame (14), the row unit (18) having a row unit frame (30); the seeder machine (10) characterized in that it comprises: a down force adjustment system (142) coupled to the row unit (18) for adjusting an amount of down force applied to the row unit (18), the down force adjustment (142) including: a moisture sensor (166) coupled to the row unit (18) and configured to detect a moisture level of one or more layers of soil (20), the moisture sensor (166) selected from a group consisting of a capacitive sensor, an infrared sensor, and a radar sensor; a controller (162) configured to receive a signal from the humidity sensor (166) corresponding to the detected humidity level; an actuator (146) configured to vary the amount of down force applied to the row unit (18) based on the signal received by the controller (162); and, a pivot coupled to the actuator (146), the row unit frame (30) and the main frame (14), wherein the pivot is pivotally coupled to the main frame (14), wherein the row unit (18 ) is one of a plurality of row units (18) coupled to the main frame (14), and wherein each of the row units (18) includes its own associated controller (162), its own associated moisture sensor (166 ) and its own associated actuator (146) such that each controller (162) only communicates with the associated moisture sensor (166) and actuator (146) of a single row unit (18). [0017] 17. Seeder machine (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that the controller (162) is configured to increase the downward force on the row unit (18) if the detected moisture level is below a threshold predetermined, and wherein the controller (162) is configured to decrease the downward force on the row unit (18) if the detected moisture level is above a predetermined threshold.
类似技术:
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同族专利:
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引用文献:
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法律状态:
2017-09-26| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]| 2019-10-22| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]| 2021-07-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]| 2021-08-10| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/09/2016, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
优先权:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 US14/871,476|2015-09-30| US14/871476|2015-09-30| US14/871,476|US9675004B2|2015-09-30|2015-09-30|Soil moisture-based planter downforce control| 相关专利
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